BSCI - OSPF Questions

Question 1:

An administrator Pipes in the command router ospf 1 and receives the error message: "OSPF process 1 cannot start." (Output is omitted.) What should be done to correctly set up OSPF?

A - Ensure that an interface has been configured with an IP address
B - Ensure that an interface has been configured with an IP address and is up
C - Ensure that IP classless is enabled
D - Ensure that the interfaces can ping their directly connected neighbors

Answer: B

Question 2:

During a recent OSPF election among three routers. RTA was elected the DR and RIB was elected the BDR, as seen in the graphic. Assume that RTA fails, and that RIB takes the place of the DR while RTC becomes the new BDR. What will happen when PTA comes back online?

A - RTA will take the place of DR immediately upon establishing its adjacencie
B - RTA will take the place of DR only if RTB fails
C - RTA will take the place of DR only if both RTB and RTC fail
D - A new election will take place establishing an all new DR and BDR based on configured priority levels and MAC addresses

Answer: C

Question 3:

Refer to the exhibit. During the process of configuring a virtual link to connect area 2 with the backbone area, the network administrator received this console message on R3:
*Mar 1 00:25:01.084: %OSPF-4-ERRRCV: Received invalid packet: mismatch area ID, from backbone area must be virtual link but not found from 20.20.20.1, Serial 0

How should the virtual link be configured on the OSPF routers to establish full connectivity between the areas?

A - R1(config-router)# area 1 virtual-link 30.30.30.3
R3(config-router)# area 1 virtual-link 20.20.20.1
B - R1(config-router)# area 1 virtual-link 20.20.20.2
R3(config-router)# area 1 virtual-link 30.30.30.2
C - R1(config-router)# area 0 virtual-link 1.1.1.1
R3(config-router)# area 2 virtual-link 3.3.3.3
D - R1(config-router)# area 1 virtual-link 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)# area 1 virtual-link 1.1.1.1
E - R1(config-router)# area 1 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
R3(config-router)# area 1 virtual-link 2.2.2.2

Answer: D

Explanation:

When designing a multi-area OSPF network, all areas should be connected to the backbone area. However, there may be instances when an area will need to cross another area to reach the backbone area like area 2 in this case. A virtual link has the following two requirements:

+ It must be established between two routers that share a common area and are both ABRs.
+ One of these two routers must be connected to the backbone.

In this case, two routers that satisfy the above requirements are R1 and R3. The syntax for creating a virtual link across an area is:

area virtual-link

The area-id is the number of the transit area, in this example Area 1 and neighbor-router-id is the IP address of the highest loopback interface configured or can be manually set on the neighboring router.

Question 4:

As shown in the exhibit ,OSPF is configured over a Frame Relay network. All PVCs are active. However, P4S1 and P4S3 fail to see all OSPF routes in their routing tables. The show ip ospf neighbor command executed on P4S2 displays the state of the neighbors. In order to fix the problem , what should be done?

A - The neighbor command should be configured under the OSPF routing process on all routers
B - The ip ospf network broadcast command should be configured on each Frame Relay interface
C - The ip ospf network non-broadcast command should be configured on each Frame Relay interface
D - The ip ospf priority value on the spoke routers should be set to 0

Answer: D

Explanation:

In an NBMA network topology, neighbors are not discovered automatically. OSPF tries to elect a DR and a BDR due to the multi-access nature of the network, but the election fails since neighbors are not discovered because NBMA environment doesn't forward broadcast and multicast packets. Neighbors must be configured manually to overcome these problems.

Also, additional configuration is necessary in a hub and spoke topology to make sure that the hub routers, which have connectivity with every other spoke router, are elected as the DR and BDR. You must set the spoke interfaces to an OSPF priority of zero, this ensures that the spokes will not become the DR or BDR.

Question 5:

The following exhibit shows ipv6 route output. What would the metric be for a summary route that summarizes all three OSPFv3 routes displayed?

A - 160
B - 140
C - 120
D - 100

Answer: D

Explanation:

The cost of the summarized routes is the highest cost of the routes being summarized. In fact, in the old RFC 1583 standard, the cost of the summary route was the cost of the lowest metric. But when OSPF was updated in RFC 2178 and RFC 2328, the summary route should have the same cost as the highest-cost summarized route. In this case, the highest-cost is 100 according to the second entry.

Question 6:

Study the exhibit below carefully. In order to summarize all routes from area 0 to area 1, what must be configured on the router?

A - area 0 range 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
B - area 1 range 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
C - area 1 range 172.16.96.0 255.255.0.0
D - area 0 range 172.16.96.0 255.255.255.0

Answer: A

CCNP lAB-BSCI - EIGRP Questions

Question 1:

Which three statements about the EIGRP routing protocol are true? (Choose three)

A - EIGRP sends periodic hello packets to the multicast IP address 224.0.0.9
B - EIGRP sends periodic hello packets to the multicast IP address 224.0.0.10
C - EIGRP supports five generic packet types. including hello, update, query, reply, and ACK packets
D - EIGRP supports five generic packet types, including hello, database description (DBD), link-state request (LSR), link-state update (LSU), and LSAck
E - E. EIGRP will form a neighbor relationship with another peer even when their K values are mismatched
F - A. EIGRP will not form a neighbor relationship with another peer when their K values are mismatched

Answer: B, C, F

Question 2:

After DUAL calculations, a router has identified a successor route, but no routes have qualified as a feasible successor. In the event that the current successor goes down, what process will EIGRP use in the selection of a new successor?

A - EIGRP will find the interface with the lowest MAC address
B - The route will transition to the active state
C - The route will transition to the passive state
D - EIGRP will automatically use the route with the lowest feasible distance (FD)
E - EIGRP will automatically use the route with the lowest advertised distance (AD)

Answer: B

Question 3:

Refer to the exhibit. Routers R1 and R2 have established a neighbor relationship and are exchanging routing information. The network design requires that R1 receive routing updates from R2, but not advertise any routes to R2. Which configuration command sequence will successfully accomplish this task?

A - R1(config)# router eigrp 1
R1(config-router)# passive-interface serial 0

B - R2(config)# router eigrp 1
R2(config-router)# passive-interface serial 0

C - R1(config)# access-list 20 deny any
R1(config)# router eigrp 1
R1(config-router)# distribute-list 20 out serial 0

D - R2(config)# access-list 20 deny any
R2(config)# router eigrp 1
R2(config-router)# distribute-list 20 out serial 0

E - R1(config)# access-list 20 permit any
R1(config)# router eigrp 1
R1(config-router)# distribute-list 20 in serial 0

F - R2(config)# access-list 20 permit any
R2(config)# router eigrp 1
R2(config-router)# distribute-list 20 in serial 0

Answer: C

Explanation:

We can not use passive-interface to accomplish this task because the "passive-interface..." command (in EIGRP or OSPF) will shut down the neighbor relationship of these two routers (no hello packets are exchanged). And to filter routing updates we should configure a distribute list on R1 with an access list that deny all and apply it to the outbound direction so that R1 can receive but can not send routing updates.

Question 4:

EIGRP has been configured to operate over Frame Relay multipoint connections. What should the bandwidth command be set to?

A - the CIR rate of the lowest speed connection multiplied by the number of circuits
B - the CIR rate of the lowest speed connection
C - the CIR rate of the highest speed connection
D - the sum of all the CIRs divided by the number of connections

Answer: A

Explanation:

If the multipoint network has different speeds allocated to the VCs, take the lowest CIR and simply multiply it by the number of circuits. This is because in Frame-relay all neighbors share the bandwidth equally, regardless of the actual CIR of each individual PVC, so we have to get the lowest speed CIR rate and multiply it by the number of circuits. This result will be applied on the main interface (or multipoint connection interface).

Question 5:

Refer to the exhibit. EIGRP is configured on all routers in the network. On a basis of the show ip eigrp topology output provided, what conclusion can be derived?

A - Router R1 can send traffic destined for network 10.6.1.0/24 out of interface FastEthernet0/0
B - Router R1 is waiting for a reply from the neighbor 10.1.2.1 to the hello message sent out before it declares the neighbor unreachable
C - Router R1 is waiting for a reply from the neighbor 10.1.2.1 to the hello message sent out inquiring for a second successor to network 10.6.1.0/24
D - Router R1 is waiting for a reply from the neighbor 10.1.2.1 in response to the query sent out about network 10.6.1.0/24

Answer: D

Explanation:

From the output, we notice that there is an active route (A) and the reply status flag (r) was set. An active EIGRP route is the state when a network change occurs and a feasible successor is not found by a EIGRP router for a given route (10.6.1.0/24); and the reply status flag (r) means that R1's queries were sent out to the neighbors asking for routing information to the 10.6.1.0/24 network but hasn't received a reply yet. Therefore the answer A - router R1 can send traffic destined for network 10.6.1.0/24 is not correct because router R1 can't find a path to that network. Answers B and C are not correct because R1 doesn't send a hello message but a query asking for routing information to the desired network.

CCNP LAB EIGRP - SHOW IP EIGRP TOPOLOGY ALL-LINKS

Here you will find answers to EIGRP Simlet question

Question:

Refer to the exhibit. BigBids Incorporated is a worldwide auction provider. The network uses EIGRP as its routing protocol throughout the corporation. The network administrator does not understand the convergence of EIGRP. Using the output of the show ip eigrp topology all-links command, answer the administrator's questions.

Question 1:

Which two networks does the Core1 device have feasible successors for? (Choose two)

A - 172.17.0.0/30
B - 172.17.1.0/24
C - 172.17.2.0/24
D - 172.17.3.0/25
E - 172.17.3.128/25
F - 10.140.0.0/24

Answer: A F

Explanation:

To understand the output of the "show ip eigrp topology all-links command" command, let's analyze an entry (we choose the second entry because it is better for demonstration than the first one)

The first line tells us there is only 1 successor for the path to 10.140.0.0/24 network but there are 2 lines below. So we can deduce that one line is used for successor and the other is used for another route to that network. Each of these two lines has 2 parameters: the first one ("156160" or "157720") is the Feasible Distance (FD) and the second ("128256" or "155160") is the Advertised Distance (AD) of that route.

The next thing we want to know is: if the route via 172.17.10.2 (the last line) would become the feasible successor for the 10.140.0.0/24 network. To figure out, we have to compare the Advertised Distance of that route with the Feasible Distance of the successor's route, if AD <>

After understanding the output, let's have a look at the entire output:

Because the question asks about feasible successor so we just need to focus on entries which have more paths than the number of successor. In this case, we find 3 entries that are in blue boxes because they have only 1 successor but has 2 paths, so the last path can be the feasible successor.

By comparing the value of AD (of that route) with the FD (of successor's route) we figure out there are 2 entries will have the feasible successor: the first and the second entry. The third entry has AD = FD (30720) so we eliminate it.

Question 2:

Which three EIGRP routes will be installed for the 172.17.3.128/25 and 172.17.2.0/24 networks? (Choose three)

A - 172.17.3.128.25 [90/28160] via 172.17.1 2, 01:26:35, FastEthernet0/2
B - 172.17.3.128/25 [90/30720] via 172.17.3.2, 01:26:35. FastEthemet0/3
C - 172.17.3.128/25 [90/30720] via 172.17.10.2, 01:26:35. FastEthernet0/1
D - 172.17.2.0/24 [90/30720] via 172.17.10.2, 02:10:11, FastEthernet0/1
E - 172.17.2.0/24 [90/28160] via 172.17.10.2, 02:10:11. FastEthernet0/1
F - 172.17.2.0/24 [90/33280] via 172.17.3.2, 02:10:11. FastEthernet0/3

Answer: B C D

Explanation:

First indicate the positions of these networks:

Network 172.17.3.128/25 has 2 successors, therefore the two paths below are both successors.

Network 172.17.2.0/24 has only 1 successor, therefore the path lies right under it is the successor.

Question 3:

Which three networks is the router at 172.17.10.2 directly connected to? (Choose three)

A - 172.17.0.0/30
B - 172.17.1.0/24
C - 172.17.2.0/24
D - 172.17.3.0/25
E - 172.17.3.128/25
F - 172.17.10.0/24

Answer: C E F

Explanation:

First, we should notice about the entry in the orange box, it shows that the network 172.17.10.0/24 is directly connected with this router and has a FD of 28160. So we can guess the networks that directly connected with router at 172.17.10.2 will be shown with an AD of 28160. From that, we find out 3 networks which are directly connected to the router at 172.17.10.2 (they are green underlined). The network 172.17.10.0/24 is surely directly connected to the router at 172.17.10.2 (in fact it is the network that links the router at 172.17.10.2 with Core1 router).

CCNP LAB - BSCI - IPv6 OSPF Virtual Link Sim

Question:
Acme is a small export company that has an existing enterprise network that is running IPv6 OSPFv3. Currently OSPF is configured on all routers. However, R4's loopback address (FEC0:4:4) cannot be seen in R1's IPv6 routing table. You are tasked with identifying the cause of this fault and implementing the needed corrective actions that uses OSPF features and does no change the current area assignments. You will know that you have corrected the fault when R4's loopback address (FEC0:4:4) can ping from R1 to R4 loopback address.

Answer and Explanation:

To troubleshoot the problem, first issue the show running-config on all of 4 routers. Pay more attention to the outputs of routers R2 and R3

The output of the "show running-config" command of R2:

!

ipv6 router ospf 1

router-id 2.2.2.2

log-adjacency-changes

!

The output of the "show running-config" command of R3:

!

ipv6 router ospf 1

router-id 3.3.3.3

log-adjacency-changes

area 54 virtual-link 4.4.4.4

!

We knew that all areas in an Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) autonomous system must be physically connected to the backbone area (Area 0). In some cases, where this is not possible,we can use a virtual link to connect to the backbone through a non-backbone area. The area through which you configure the virtual link is known as a transit area. In this case, the area 11 will become the transit area. Therefore, routers R2 and R3 must be configured with the area virtual-link command.

Configure virtual link on R2 (from the first output above, we learned that the OSPF process ID of R2 is 1):

R2>enable
R2#configure terminal
R2(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R2(config-rtr)#area 11 virtual-link 3.3.3.3

Save the configuration:

R2(config-rtr)#end
R2#copy running-config startup-config

(Notice that we have to use neighbor router-id 3.3.3.3, not R2's router-id 2.2.2.2)

+ Configure virtual link on R3 (from the second output above, we learned that the OSPF process ID of R3 is 1 and we have to disable the wrong configuration of "area 54 virtual-link 4.4.4.4"):

R3>enable
R3#configure terminal
R3(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R3(config-rtr)#no area 54 virtual-link 4.4.4.4
R3(config-rtr)#area 11 virtual-link 2.2.2.2

Save the configuration:

R3(config-rtr)#end
R3#copy running-config startup-config

You should check the configuration of R4, too. If it has the command of "area ... virtual link ..." then remove it.

After finishing the configuration don't forget to ping between R1 and R4 to make sure they work well!

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